红原牦牛奶与荷斯坦牛奶氨基酸和脂肪酸含量比较分析

Comparative Analysis on Amino Acid and Fat Acid Contents of Yak Milk from Hongyuan County and Holstein Milk

为研究牦牛奶的营养价值,采用不同方法对红原牦牛奶氨基酸、脂肪酸组分及其含量进行了检测,并与3个牧场的荷斯坦牛奶作对比分析。结果表明,在牦牛奶和荷斯坦牛奶中都检测到17种氨基酸,其中,除胱氨酸含量基本相同外,其余16种氨基酸含量牦牛奶都高于荷斯坦牛奶,牦牛奶氨基酸总量为4.88%,高于荷斯坦牛奶1.28~1.82百分点。牦牛奶中共检测出13种脂肪酸,荷斯坦牛奶中共检测出10种脂肪酸,检出牦牛奶脂肪酸含量为97.80%,高于3个牧场的荷斯坦牛奶,牦牛奶中饱和脂肪酸含量为62.30%,不饱和脂肪酸含量为35.50%,而单不饱和脂肪酸含量为32.74%,多不饱和脂肪酸含量为2.76%。不饱和脂肪酸红原牦牛奶高于荷斯坦牛奶的有棕榈一烯酸、亚麻酸、十七碳一烯酸和花生酸。该研究结果可为提高红原牦牛奶开发利用价值提供基础数据与科学依据。

To study the nutritional value of yak milk, component contents of amino acids and fat acids were determined by several different analytical methods with a comparative analysis of Holstein milk from 3 different cattle ranches. The results showed that 17 kinds of amino acids were detected in both yak milk and Holstein milk. However, contents of 16 kinds of amino acids of yak milk were higher than Holstein milk, with the exception of cystine which were with similar component contents in both kinds of milk. The total amino acids content of yak milk was 4.88%,which was 1.28-1.82 percentage point more than Holstein milk. Thirteen kinds of fat acids were detected in yak milk, while 10 kinds of fat acids were detected in Holstein milk. The content of fat acids of yak milk was 97.80%, which was higher than Holstein milk from 3 different cattle ranches. The content of saturated fatty acids was 62.30%, and 35.50% for unsaturated fatty acids（32.74% for unsaturated fatty acids and 2.76% for polyunsaturated fatty acid）. The content of some unsaturated fatty acids of yak milk from Hongyuan county were higher than Holstein milk, including palmitoleic acid, linolenic acid, heptadecenoic acid and arachidic acid. In conclusion, the study gives basic date and scientific basis for the exploitation and utilization of yak milk from Hongyuan county.