气候变化背景下生物入侵研究态势的文献计量分析

A bibliometrical analysis of biological invasions under the global climate change

生物入侵严重威胁生物多样性与生态系统健康,对全球环境、经济造成极大损失,而快速的气候变化显著影响外来生物的扩散和入侵进程。探讨气候变化背景下生物入侵研究态势能够从宏观上把握该领域的国际研究现状与热点,为深入理解外来种入侵机制和制定合理的防治策略提供参考。该文基于最近27 a间(1990—2016年)科学文献数据库Web of Science中科学引文索引扩展版(SCI-E)数据,利用TDA等统计工具对气候变化下生物入侵方面的研究进行了文献计量分析。结果表明:27 a间共发表论文1 736篇,论文数量整体保持增长态势,2009年开始进入快速发展阶段;该领域的研究涉及环境科学与生态学、生物多样性保护、植物学等多个学科;澳大利亚莫纳什大学Chown SL教授发文量最高(35篇);美国的总发文量(708篇)和高被引、高影响因子论文数量均居世界首位;发文量最多的研究机构是加利福尼亚大学(93篇),中国科学院发文量居世界第10位(27篇);Biological Invasions是刊文量最大的学术杂志;物种分布模型、生物多样性、全球变暖、风险评估等是近年来该领域的研究热点;中国共发表论文52篇,中国科学院是国内最大的发文机构,其中,动物研究所、武汉植物园、植物研究所的发文量居中科院科研系统前三名;中国在气候变化下生物入侵领域的高被引、高影响因子论文数量及国际合作强度亟待提升。未来需重点关注气候变化下生物入侵的预测与风险评估、生物入侵与生物多样性关系、入侵物种的系统进化、入侵生态系统的多营养级关系、海洋生物入侵、生物入侵与人类健康等问题。

Biological invasions seriously threat the global biodiversity and ecosystem health, causing great losses to glob- al environment and economy. However, rapid climate change could significantly affect the diffusion and invasion of alien species. To explore the development situation of biological invasions under climate change could be helpful for better un- derstanding the status and hot spots in this field, and also the benefitial for understanding the invasion mechanism and making effective management measures. In our study, we studied the Web of Science （WOS） database for publications pertaining to the biological invasions under climate change between the years 1990-2016, we then used the Thomson Data Analyzer （TDA） to operate the systematic analysis. We found that there were total 1 736 published papers in recent 27 years. The number of publications increased annually, while it rapidly increased since 2009. This research area relat- ed tO several subjects such as environmental science and ecology, biodiversity protection, botany, etc. Prof. Chown SL form Monash University had the largest amounts of publications. USA had the maximum total papers, highly cited and high impact factor papers. California University published the most papers among international research institutes, while the Chinese Academy of Science （CAS） ranked the 10th. Biological Invasions was the academic journal which had the largest publications. Recent studies focused primarily on topics related to species distribution models, biodiversity, global wanning and risk assessment. China totally published 52 articles, Chinese Academy of Science had the largest amounts of papers, while Institute of Zoology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany ranking Top 3 among the branch organizations of CAS. In the future, China should give more attentions on the high level research papers and in- ternational cooperation of biological invasions under climate change. In addition, we need to focus on prediction and risk assessment of alien species, relationships between biological invasions and biodiversity, system evolution of invaders, re- lationships among multiple trophie levels of invaded ecosystem, marine biological invasion, influence of invasion on hu- man health, etc under a rapid global climate change.