农业转移人口市民化的困境与出路——基于山西省A村的调查研究

Predicament and Outlet of Urbanization of People with Rural Household Registration Living in Urban Areas:Based on Investigation of Village A in Shanxi Province

有序推进农业转移人口市民化是解决我国常住人口城镇化率远高于户籍人口城镇化率问题的必然要求。基于山西省A村的调查研究,发现农业转移人口市民化中面临着农业转移人口就业情况不理想、居住状况较差、社保参保率低、政治参与积极性不高、子女的公平受教育权受限以及维权途径狭窄等困境。因此,应当以公共服务均等化为导向,以就业、住房、社保、政治参与、子女教育和权利维护六方面为抓手,逐步走出农业转移人口市民化的困境。

To solve the problem that the rate of the permanent urban residents in China is far higher than that of the registered permanent urban residents, it is an inevitable requirement to grant urban residency to more people with rural household registration orderly. Based on the in- vestigation of Village A in Shanxi Province,it can be found that the urbanization of people with rural household registration living in urban areas is in a predicament. Those people are not ideally employed, living in poor condition with low rate of social security and they do not have high enthu- siasm of political participation. Their children have limited oppunities to fair education and they have narrow channels to maintain their legal rights. Therefore, in order to gradually get out of the predicament, we should be guided by the equalization of public services, and then solve the problem from six aspects such as employment, housing, social security, political participation, education and right maintenance.