布尔迪厄资本理论视阈下《他们眼望上苍》中的资本逻辑

Logic of Capital in Their Eyes Were Watching God Viewed with Bourdieu’s Theory of Capital

本文运用布尔迪厄的生成结构资本理论对佐拉·尼尔·赫斯顿的代表作《他们眼望上苍》进行重读，从文学社会学角度阐释珍妮三段婚姻设定及其戏剧化结局的合理性和必要性。通过三段婚姻，珍妮逐步实现了一个独立女性必须完成的经济、社会和文化三种资本的积累，而小说结局使珍妮最终合法地将三者整合转换为足以让她在特定黑人文化场中受到认可的符号资本。小说中隐藏了社会学意义的资本逻辑，深刻触及了压迫作为一种社会制度得以不断生成的资本运作机制，小说也展示了利用这一逻辑在制度中生存与反抗的方式与可能，具有丰富的社会学价值。

This article reads Zora Neale Hurston＇s representative work Their Eyes Were Watching God in the view of Bourdieu＇s generating structural theory of capital to explore the rationality and necessity of Janie＇s 3-marriage setting and its dramatic ending. By 3 marriages, Janie gradually completes the accumulation of three forms of capital essential to any independent women, and the ending enables her to finally convert them into the symbolic capital recognized by her certain black community. The sociological logic of capital in the novel exposes how capital mechanism functions to reproduce suppression systematically and it shows the possible ways of surviving and resisting by taking advantage of this logic, which endows the novel a rich sociological value.