全国2039所医院手术室人力资源管理现状调查

Nursing human resource management status of operating room from 2039 hospitals in China

目的:调查我国手术室护理人力资源现状,为我国手术室护理管理、人力资源配置、护理培训等提供参考依据。方法:采用自设问卷,对我国31个省/直辖市/自治区共2 039所医院的一般情况、手术工作量、人力资源配置、手术室管理、护理培训等情况进行调查。结果:手术间数量∶手术室护士数量(中位数)=1∶2;手术室护士学历以本科学历为主(47.98%),本科及以上学历共占48.76%;职称以护师职称为主(38.80%);75.04%的医院手术室由护理部或医院管理;1 210所(59.34%)医院手术室设立了麻醉恢复室,高于2012年调查的1 083所(37.61%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=226.701,P<0.001);手术室已开展岗位管理及分层级管理的医院分别占69.45%、74.99%。66.16%的医院已培训手术室专科护士。结论:手术室护士学历、职称分别以本科、护师为主;超过一半的医院已经设立了麻醉恢复室。同时,岗位管理、分层级管理等多种管理模式已广泛应用于我国医院手术室。

Objective： To investigate the current situation of nursing human resources in operating room. Methods： A self designed questionnaire was used in this study. The general information, the number of operation, nursing human resources allocation, operation room management, nursing education and training in the operating rooms of 2 039 hospitals in 31 provinces and cities in China were investigated. Results： Number of operation rooms/Number of nurses in the operating room （median）=l/2. Education level was dominated by undergraduate degree （47.98%）, the proportion of the nurses with undergraduate degree or above was 48.76%. The professional title is mainly in primary level （38.80%）. The operating room which was managed by nursing department or hospital accounted for 75.04%. There were 1210 （59.34%） hospital operating rooms setting up Post anesthesia Care Unit （PACU）, it was more than that （37.61%,1083） of the survey in 2012 （x^2=226.701, P〈0.001）. The Operating room which had carried out position management and hierarchical management accounted for 69.45% and 74.99%, respectively. There were 66.16% of the hospitals had specialized nurses training in the operating room. Conclusion： Nurses education level in the operating room was dominated by undergraduate degree, primary level nurses had the biggest proportion. More than half of the hospitals had set up PACU. Meanwhile, position management and hierarchical management have been widely used in operating room in China.