急诊留观患者应激反应与应对方式调查及其相关性分析

Correlation analysis of stress and coping styles among patients in Emergency Observation Room

目的 调查急诊留观患者心理应激反应与应对方式的水平,并探讨其相关性.方法 采用方便抽样方法,选择2014年9月—2015年9月在福州某三级甲等医院急诊留观的300例患者为研究对象,应用心理应激反应问卷（SRQ）及医学应对问卷（MCMQ）对研究对象的应激反应和医学应对水平进行横断面调查,并与住院患者常模进行对比,分析应激反应和医学应对水平的相关性.结果 急诊留观患者的应激反应总体平均得分为（56.25±20.20）分;其中躯体反应维度（19.41±7.87）分,高于住院患者常模;行为反应维度（10.65±4.82）分,低于住院患者常模;差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为6.034、-9.143;P〈0.01）.急诊留观患者应对方式总体得分为（39.26±6.97）分;其中面对维度（17.63±3.90）分,回避维度（13.96±3.28）分,屈服维度（7.66±2.66）分,均低于住院患者常模,差异有统计学意义（t值分别为-8.200、-2.514、-7.485;P〈0.05）.急诊留观患者应激反应与应对方式呈正相关（r=0.125~0.510,P〈0.05）.结论 急诊留观患者应激与应对方式密切相关,医务人员应指导患者正确面对应激所带来的冲击,改善其应对方式,促进疾病康复.

Objective To explore the stress among patients in Emergency Observation Room and its correlation with coping modes.Methods A total of 300 patients in Emergency Observation Room of a Class Ⅲ grade A hospital were recruited by convenient sampling method for a cross-sectional survey and its correlation, from September 2014 to September 2015, using the general situation questionnaire, stress-reaction questionnaire （SRQ） and medical coping modes questionnaire （MCMQ）. The data of survey was compared with norm, and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between stress reaction and medical response level.Results The score of stress reaction was （56.25±20.20）, in which somatic reaction was （19.41±7.87）, higher than norm of hospitalized patients and the behavior reaction was （10.65±4.82）,lower than the norm of hospitalized patients （t=6.034, -9.143;P〈0.01）. The total score of coping style of patients in emergency observation room was （39.26±6.97）, in which the face dimension was （17.63±3.90）, avoidance （13.96±3.28）, yield （7.66±2.66）, all lower than the norm of hospitalized patients （t=-8.200,-2.514,-7.485;P〈0.05）. The correlation was positive between stress reaction and coping styles （r=0.125-0.510,P〈0.05）. Conclusions The stress has close correlation with coping style for patients in Emergency Observation Room. Medical personnel should guide emergency patients to correctly face stress, and improve their coping styles.