石岩街道社区护理干预对老年人健康状况的影响

Effect of Community Nursing Intervention on Health Status of the Elderly in Shiyan Street

目的评价社区护理干预对老年人健康状况的影响。方法选择2014年2月至2015年2月期间石岩街道官田社区及罗租社区居住2年以上的400名老年人作为研究对象。计算机随机数字法分成2组,每组各200例。对照组不施行任何健康教育。实验组依托现有社区卫生服务站,对老年人从健康教育、心理疏导、饮食调节、运动疗法、戒除不良行为、用药护理等六个方面进行社区护理干预。比较两组老年人对疾病的了解情况、生活质量、自我管理能力及住院率的差异。结果社区护理干预2年,实验组患者知识问卷总分较干预前及对照组均有较大改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组患者生活质量各项评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组患者自我管理量表各项指标评分明显高于对照组,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组患者的住院率(3.00%)明显低于对照组(18.50%),差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=8.552,P<0.01)。结论社区护理干预可以帮助老年人认识老年慢性病的危害性及预防措施,督促老年人改变不良生活习惯,从而达到减少新发慢性疾病发生,提高老年人生活质量的目的。

Objective To evaluate the effect of community nursing intervention on the health status of the elderly.Methods From February 2014 to February 2015,the project selected 400 elderly people as research object from Guantian community and Luo rental community of the Shiyan Street,and the elderly living in these two communities for more than two years. They were divided into two groups according to computerized random number table method,each group with 200 cases. The elderly in control group received none health education. The experimental group： based on the existing community health service stations,the elderly received community nursing intervention on the six aspects： health education,psychological counseling,diet,exercise therapy,abstained from bad behavior, medication care. The knowledge, quality of life, self-management and hospitalization rate of the two groups were compared. Results Community care intervention last for 2 years,compared with before intervention and control group the total score of knowledge in the experimental group significantly improved,the differences were statistically significant（P 0. 05）. The scores of life quality and CSMS of the patients in the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group（P 0.05）. The rate of hospitalization in the experimental group（3.00%） was significantly lower than that in the control group（18. 50%）,the difference was statistically significant（χ~2= 8. 552,P 0. 01）. Conclusions Community nursing intervention can help the elderly to understand the harmfulness of chronic diseases and preventive measures,urge the elderly to change the bad habits,so as to reduce the incidence of new chronic diseases and improve the life quality of the elderly.