乳腺纤维瘤的手术治疗与切口方式研究

Study on surgical treatment and the way of incision of breast fiber tumor

目的研究乳腺纤维瘤的手术治疗与切口方式。方法以乳腺纤维瘤患者106例为研究对象，采用随机数字表法分为两组，传统切口组53例，采用传统放射状切口进行手术治疗；环乳晕切口组53例，采用环乳晕切口进行手术治疗。比较两组乳腺纤维瘤切除时间、术中出血量、手术后住院时间和切口甲级愈合率、双侧乳房对称率、患者满意度、术后并发症发生率。结果环乳晕切口组切口甲级愈合率、双侧乳房对称率、患者满意度分别为100．00％、94．34％、94．34％，明显高于传统切口组的81．13％、66．04％、81．13％，差异均有统计学意义（x^2=5．341、10．541、4．296，均P〈0．05）；环乳晕切口组术后并发症发生率为1．89％，明显低于传统切口组的15．09％（x^2=5．949，P〈0．05）。环乳晕切口组乳腺纤维瘤切除时间、术中出血量、手术后住院时间分别为（15．14±0．15）rain、（20．02±1．53）mL、（5．52±1．12）d，均明显优于传统切口组的（27．24±1．91）min、（29．98±2．72）mL、（7．26±2．57）d，差异均有统计学意义（t=11．113、8．924、8．255，均P〈0．05）。结论乳腺纤维瘤的手术治疗与切口方式可影响治疗效果，采用环乳晕切口进行手术治疗效果优于传统放射状切口，呵缩短手术时间，减少出血量，降低并发症发生率，提高切口甲级愈合率、双侧乳房对称率、患者满意度，缩短住院时间。

Objective To study the surgical treatment and the way of incision of breast fibroma. Methods 106 patients with breast tumor were selected as the research subjects, and they were randomly divided into two groups. 53 cases in the conventional incision group used the traditional radial incision surgery. 53 cases in the ring areola incision group received the areola incision surgery. The resection time, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative hospital stay and wound healing rate, bilateral symmetry rate, patient satisfaction and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results The incision healing rate, bilateral breast symmetry and the patients＂ satisfaction rate of the areola incision group were 100.00% ,94.34% ,94.34% , respectively ,which were significantly higher than those of the traditional incision group （81.13% , 66.04% , 81. 13% ） , the differences were statistically significant （ X^2 = 5. 341,10.541,4. 296, all P 〈 0.05 ）. The incidence rate of postoperative complication of the areola incision group was 1.89% , which was significantly lower than 15.09% of the conventional incision group （ X^2 = 5. 949, P 〈 0.05 ）. The breast fibroma resection time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative hospitalization time of the areola incision group were （ 15.14 ± 0.15 ） min, （ 20.02 ± 1.53 ） mL, （ 5.52 ± 1.12 ） d ,which were significantly better than those of the conventional incision group [ （27.24 ± 1.91 ） min, （ 29.98 ± 2.72 ） mL, （7.26 ± 2.57 ） d ], the differences were statistically significant （ t = 11. 113,8. 924,8. 255, all P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The surgical treatment of breast fibroma and incision can affect the treatment effect, the areola incision surgery is better than the traditional radial incision, it can shorten operation time, reduce bleeding, reduce the incidence of complications, improve the healing rate ,double side breast symmetry rate ,the degree of satisfaction of patients ,shorten the hospitali- zation time, which is worthy of promotion.