恶意串通法律规范的合理性

The Rationality of Legal Norm on Malicious Conspiracy

只有实现"生活事实规范化""法律规范体系化",恶意串通法律规范才称得上合理。在"生活事实规范化"上,传统民法按照虚假行为规范生活中的恶意串通,容易成立一般条款,却忽略了后者所具备的"手段+结果"相联动的结构,难免较高的片面性。《民法总则》没有以虚假行为替代恶意串通,其做法总体上值得肯定。如果恶意串通能承认主客观结合的法律构成、多样化的法律效果,会更好地克服片面性,却将不利于形成一般条款。采用立法论与解释论、局部和整体等不同的视角,有助于厘清恶意串通与相关制度的关系,实现"法律规范体系化"。恶意串通作为局部存在时,其无效不应直接导致整体行为的无效。恶意串通与其他制度存在法条竞合、制度竞合或聚合等典型模式。

By the way on normalization of daily fact and systematization of legal norm, the legal norm on malicious conspiracy could be called reasonable. For the normalization of daily fact, the civil law normalizes malicious conspiracy as pretended transaction, and on the one side, it can easily result in the general clause with highly one-sidedness, on the other side, it neglects the connected structure of means and result. It is reasonable that the General Provisions of Civil Law does not substitute the malicious conspiracy with pretended transaction. In the future, if the norm on malicious conspiracy could adopt multiple normal structure and legal effects, it would overcome the one-sidedness much better, which is not easy to form general clause. In the view of legislation or interpretation, part or the whole, it will do good to clarify the relationship between malicious conspiracy and other norms to realize the systematization of norm. Malicious conspiracy has the overlap of articles of law and systems, convergence, and other typical modes with other systems. When it is only a part of other action, the ineffectiveness of malicious conspiracy should not result in the ineffectiveness of the whole action.