人乳头瘤病毒治疗性疫苗的研究进展

Advances of human papillomavirus therapeutic vaccine

人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）持续感染是宫颈上皮内瘤变和宫颈癌发生的必要因素.以治疗HPV感染为出发点研制有效的治疗性疫苗是防治宫颈癌的新策略.近年来,治疗性HPV疫苗的研制与试验已取得了巨大的进步,载体的选择、佐剂的使用、融合和嵌合蛋白的合成被广泛应用于研究中,以增强疫苗免疫原性、加强接种安全性、减少不良反应等.临床试验结果令人鼓舞,各类疫苗能诱导特异性免疫应答,且具有良好的耐受性;但如何取得进一步的成功依然需要大量的研究.此外,HPV病毒种类繁多,如何扩大疫苗的作用范围及减少免疫逃逸也是研究的重点.

Human papillomavirus continuous （HPV） infection is an essential factor to induce cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer.Treating HPV infection is considered as a starting point to develop an effective therapeutic vaccine, which is a new strategy for prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.In recent years, development and trials of therapeutic HPV vaccine have made great progress.Selection of vectors, utilization of adjuvants, synthesis of fusion proteins and chimeric proteins have been widely applied to research to enhance vaccine immunogenicity, to increase vaccination safety, to reduce the side effect and so on.The clinical trial results are encouraging： various types of vaccines can induce a specific immune response with good tolerance.However, numerous studies are still required to obtain further success.In addition, HPV exists in various forms, thus it is also the focus of study to expand the range of action and reduce immune escape.