焦虑症患者儿童期生长经历及完美主义研究

Childhood growth experience and perfectionism in patients with anxiety disorder

目的:探讨焦虑症患者儿童期被忽视、父母教养方式与完美主义特征及其关系。方法:应用汉密尔顿焦虑量表,儿童被忽视量表、中文Frost多维度完美主义问卷、父母教养方式问卷对76例焦虑症患者(焦虑症组)和80名健康体检者(对照组)进行调查。结果:焦虑症组被忽视量表及完善主义问卷的各个维度评分显著高于正常对照组(P均<0.05);在父母教养方式问卷上焦虑症患者的拒绝否认、惩罚严厉、过度干涉和过度保护维度均显著高于正常对照组(P均<0.05),情感温暖显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析显示,焦虑症严重程度与儿童时期被忽视、父母教养方式及完美主义存在明显相关性(r=0.698~0.945,P均<0.05)。完美主义在父母教养方式与焦虑症之间存在中介效应,6个维度的中介效应模型的平均效应值为0.09、0.10、0.09、0.03、0.08、0.06。结论:焦虑症患者儿童期存在被忽视,父母教养方式不当。完美主义在父母教养方式与焦虑症之间起中介作用。

Objective： To explore the relationship between neglected in the childhood,parents＇ parenting style and perfectionism in patients with anxiety disorder. Method： Senventy-six patients with anxiety disorder（anxiety group） and 80 healthy subjects（control group） were investigated with Hamilton anxiety scale,child neglected scale,chinese Frost multidimensional perfectionism questionnaire,parental rearing questionnaire.Results： In the anxiety group,the scores of the neglected scale and the perfection questionnaire were significantly higher than those in the control group（all P〈 0. 05）; in the parental rearing style questionnaire,the rejection of the patients with anxiety disorder,severe punishment,excessive interference and excessive protection were significantly higher than the control group（all P〈 0. 05）; the warmth of emotion was significantly lower than the control group（P〈 0. 05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the severity of anxiety was significantly correlated with childhood neglected,parenting style and perfectionism（r = 0. 698-0. 945,all P 〈0. 05）. There was a mediating effect between the parental rearing style and the anxiety disorder. The mean effect of the 6-dimensional mediator effect model were 0. 09,0. 10,0. 09,0. 03,0. 08,0. 06. Conclusion： Childhood of patients with anxiety disorder are neglected and their parents are improperly educated. Perfectionism plays a mediating role between parenting and anxiety.