老年人心理健康状况及影响因素研究

The mental health status of elderly and related factors of research

目的探讨老年人心理健康状况及相关因素。方法 2016年11月采用心理健康量表与情绪调节方式问卷对天津市老年人286人进行问卷调查。采用t检验和Pearson相关分析对数据进行分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 72.2%以上的老年人处于心理健康状态;不同性别、文化程度的老年人心理健康状况对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),低龄老人在人际上好于高龄老人,对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);老年人不同身体状况在心理健康各维度以及总分上对比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),子女是否在身边对于情绪、认知、适应、总分上对比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),老年人的居住方式在情绪、人际方面对比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论天津市老年人心理健康状况较好,身体状况、年龄、子女是否在身边、居住方式、婚姻状况上对心理健康有影响,情绪调节方式对其心理健康状况有预测作用。

Objective In order to investigate the elderly mental health status and related factors. Methods The mental health scale and emotion regulation questionnaire of 286 questionnaire survey to Tianjin in November 2016.T test and Pearson were used in datas,P〈0.05 means differences were significant. Results More than 72.2% of the elderly in the mental health state. Gender, educational level of the elderly had no significant differences in mental health, young man on human in the elderly is better in interpersonal communication（all P〈0.05）. The physical condition of old people on the mental health of each dimension and total score were significant differences（all P〈0.05）, whether their children around in the emotional, cognitive, adaptation, total score were on significant differences（all P〈0.05）, different way of living on emotion, human exist had significant difference（all P〈0.05）. Conclusion There were better mental health in the elderly in Tianjin, physical condition, age, whether their children around, living way have an effect on mental health, marital status, its means of emotion regulation can be used to predict the mental health status.