贵州省常见饲用植物构成与营养成分研究

Study on the nutritional components and composition of common forage plants in Guizhou Province

为了探索贵州省常见饲用植物种类构成和营养成分,试验采用野外调查与取样分析方法对53个科156种贵州省常见饲用植物进行研究。结果表明:禾本科植物最多,有35种,豆科植物21种,菊科植物12种,蔷薇科植物10种,蓼科植物8种,其他科植物有47科70种;多年生植物120种,一年生植物36种;草本为主92种,乔木9种,灌木46种,藤本9种;粗蛋白含量最高的是豆科植物,占干物质的18.20%,最低的是禾本科和蔷薇科植物,分别为9.16%和10.76%,差异显著(P<0.05);粗灰分含量最高的是蓼科植物,为12.69%;钙含量最低的是禾本科植物,为0.93%;磷含量最高的是菊科植物,为0.49%,差异显著(P<0.05);各科植物粗脂肪平均含量在2.10%~2.95%,差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明禾本科和豆科是贵州省最主要的饲用植物,而以豆科植物的营养价值最高。

To investigate the composition and nutritional components of common forage plants in Guizhou Province,field survey and sampling analysis were used to study the feeding plants of 53 families and 156 species in Guizhou province.The results has shown that Gramineae is the dominant family with 35 species,followed by Leguminosae（21 species）,Compositae（12 species）,Rosaceae（10 species） and Polygonaceae（8 species）,all the other 47 families have 70 species in total.There are 120 perennial species and 36 annual species.Herbs are 92 species,arbors 9 species,shrubs 46 species and vines 9 species in term of plant life form.As nutritional contents,Leguminosae is the highest in crude protein,accounting for 18.2% of dry matter,Gramineae and Rosaceae are lowest at significant level which accounting for 9.16% and 10.76%respectively.Polygonaceae is the highest in crude ash by 12.69%,Gramineae is lowest in calcium content by 0.93% and Compositae is highest in phosphorus content by 0.49% at significant level（P〈0.05）.It suggests that Gramineae and Leguminosae are the most important forage plants in Guizhou Provence,and Leguminosae has the highest nutrient value.