福利国家的“奥菲悖论”

The “Offe Paradox”of Welfare State

新马克思主义理论是研究福利国家的重要理论路径。奥菲有机结合了马克思主义政治经济学的思想和法兰克福学派的社会批判理论,形成了独特的福利国家批判研究理论视角。奥菲指出,福利国家矛盾的根源在于资本主义社会系统的危机。福利国家的结构性矛盾主要表现为行政性再商品化政策与福利国家矛盾、民主内容与形式的矛盾以及合法性与效率之间的矛盾。资本主义离不开福利国家,但是福利国家又不能与资本主义共存,由此形成著名的"奥菲悖论"。本文在评价奥菲理论的贡献与不足的基础上,探讨了其理论对中国社会福利发展的借鉴作用及意义。

The new Marxist theory is an important theoretical path to study the welfare state. Clas Offe combined the Marxist political economy thought and the social critical theory of Frankfurt school, formed a unique welfare state research perspective.Offe pointed out that the root of the welfare state contradiction lies in the crisis of the capitalist social system.The structural contradictions of the welfare state are mainly manifested in the contradiction between the administrative re-commodification policy and the welfare state, the contradiction between the content and the form of democracy, the contradiction between the le- gitimacy and the efficiency.Capitalism is inseparable from the welfare state, but the welfare state can not coexist with capitalism.This paper evaluates the contribution and deficiency of Offe＇s theory and discusses the significance of his theory to the development of social welfare in China.