浙江主要港湾海域沉积物污染及潜在生态风险评价

Evaluation on sediment pollution and potential ecological risk in main bays of Zhejiang province

为了探讨浙江主要港湾海域表层沉积物中典型污染物污染水平和潜在生态环境影响,采用单因子指数法和Hakanson生态风险指数法,对2015年8月浙江主要港湾沉积物中PCB、Hg、Cd、As、Pb、Cu、Cr和Zn进行分析。结果表明,综合污染程度由重到轻为:乐清湾(12.14)>温州湾(11.90)>台州湾(11.36)>三门湾(10.53)>象山港(9.90)>杭州湾(9.87),均属于中污染程度,各港湾的主要污染物为Cd和Cu;潜在生态风险由高到低为:杭州湾(157.04)>温州湾(154.86)>象山港(148.09)>三门湾(146.24)>台州湾(145.86)>乐清湾(145.56),典型污染物在杭州湾和温州湾为中潜在生态风险,其余均为低潜在生态风险。杭州湾、象山港、三门湾和温州湾海域沉积物的主要环境风险因子为Cd和Hg,乐清湾海域沉积物的主要环境风险因子为Cd和Cu,台州湾海域沉积物的主要环境风险因子为Cd和PCB。

In order to better understand the typical pollutants contamination and potential ecological risk of sediment in main bays of Zhejiang. The contents of typical pollutants（PCB, Hg, Cd, As, Pb, Cu, Cr and Zn）in the sediment of Zhejiang bay were evaluated, adopting the index number techniques of single factor and Hakanson ecological risk. The order of integrated contamination degrees was Yueqing bay （12. 14） 〉 Wenzhou bay （11.90） 〉 Taizhou bay （ 11.36 ） 〉 Sanmen bay （ 10.53 ） 〉 Xiangshan bay（9.90） 〉 Hangzhou bay （9.87） , with moderate degree of contami- nation. The main pollutants were Cd and Cu in each bay. The order of potential ecological risks was Hangzhou bay （ 157.04 ） 〉 Wenzhou bay （154.86） 〉 Xiangshan bay（ 148.09 ） 〉 Sanmen bay （ 146.24 ） 〉 Taizhou bay （ 145.86 ） 〉 Yueqing bay（145.56） ,with moderate ecological risk in Hangzhou bay and Wenzhou bay, and low ecological risk in other bays of typical pollutants contamination. The major risk factor of sediments in Hangzhou bay, Xiangshan bay, Sanmen bay and Wenzhou bay was Cd and Hg, in Yueqing bay was Cd and Cu, and in Taizhou bay was Cd and PCB.