空气污染对城市居民政府信任影响机制的研究

Empirical Research on Air Pollution to the Influencing Mechanisms of Urban Resident 's Trust in Government

文章使用四川、重庆两地6个城市1 620份居民调查数据,采用Ordered Probit模型实证考察了空气污染问题对城市居民政府信任的影响机制。研究结果显示,空气污染主观感受及对政府空气污染治理的尽责评价是空气污染问题影响城市居民对政府信任的两种机制,感受到的空气污染问题越严重,对政府治理尽责程度评价越低,城市居民对政府的信任度也越低;空气污染问题对中央和地方两级政府信任度的影响存在差异,空气污染主观感受和政府治理尽责负向评价对地方政府信任负向冲击程度较大,对中央政府信任影响较小;空气污染问题对不同群体的政府信任度的影响也存在差异,高等教育组、居住在大城市组居民的政府信任度受空气污染影响更大。文章认为,政府空气污染治理措施既要强调治理成效,让公众对"结果"有直观感受,也要注重宣传,让公众对政府治理"过程"充分了解,才能有效提升居民对政府的信任水平。

Based on survey data from 1 620 residents in 6 cities in Sichuan and Chongqing regions, using the Ordered Probit Model, this paper empirically investigates how the air pollution problem affects residents' trust in the government. The results show that subjective perception of air pollution and assessment of the government's diligence in air pollution control are two mechanisms, through which the air pollution problem affects residents' trust in the government. The more serious the perceived air pollution problem is, the lower the score of assessment of the government's diligence in air pollution control is,and the more negative the impact of the problem on residents' trust in the government is. The impacts of the air pollution problem on residents' trust in the central government and local governments are different. The negative impact of perceived air pollution and negative assessment of the government's diligence on residents' trust in local governments is greater than that on residents' trust in central government. The impacts of the air pollution problem on different residents' trust in the government are different. In terms of residents who have accepted higher education and live in metropolis, their trust in the government is more sensitive to the air pollution problem. This paper suggests that government's air pollution control efforts should emphasize the importance of the process and result, hereby effectively improving residents' trusts in the government.