基于无线通信基站的室内三维定位问题研究

Research on 3D Indoor Localization based on Base Stations

对基于无线通信基站的室内三维定位问题进行了研究,建立了测量误差模型和终端定位模型.建立了TOA测量误差模型和基于测量误差估计的终端定位模型,提出了基于空间几何约束和测量噪声抑制的定位算法;分别在相对时间误差、最大时延、最小时延和随机法四种基站筛选方案下,分析了不同基站数目对定位精度的影响;利用轨迹上相近点的信道状态信息的相关性,采用Kalman滤波算法计算了终端运动轨迹;基于假设性检验,通过递减迭代搜索算法,得到了可定位终端数;建立了基站不同覆盖范围下,终端连接度数与定位精度之间关系的分析模型.

This article discusses the problem of 3D indoor localization based on base star tions and establishes models of measurement error and terminal localization. At first, Localization algorithm based on spatial geometric constraints and measurement noise suppression is proposed to localize terminals, which decreases the error of z-axis largely. Secondly, the relationship between number of base stations and localization accuracy is discussed based on four selection strategies of base stations, i.e. relative time error, maximize delay, minimize delay and random. In order to solve the tracking problem, Kalman filtering that based on the correlation of channel state among neighbored points is used to calculate the moving path of terminals. Then, the number of available terminals is derived based on hypothesis testing and iterative searching algorithm. At last, analytic model between connection degree and localization accuracy is established under different coverage areas.