“一带一路”视域下金融业发展的区域差异及其成因——基于劳动力和资本双要素投入的分析

The Regional Differences in Financial Industry Development and Its Causes under“Belt and Road”: An Analysis based on Labor and Capital Input

"一带一路"沿线国家经济社会协同发展取决于我国"一带一路"所辖地区金融业发展水平。本文从劳动力和资本双要素投入视角探讨"一带一路"金融业发展的差异性现象及其成因,发现区域间金融业综合发展水平的差异性变化趋势与劳动生产率差异性一致,且区域间金融业综合发展水平的总体差异归因于区域间差异的贡献,区域内差异贡献较弱;劳动力投入、资本投资、劳动生产率、资本投资效率的总体差异归因于区域内差异,区域间差异的贡献较弱。"21世纪海路"金融业要注重FDI的引进质量,发挥正向溢出效应,同时要积极学习FDI在人才吸引力方面的经验,提高人才的竞争能力;对"丝路经济带"而言,不仅要引进高质量FDI,还要将FDI的引进规模作为重要任务;减少FDI在投资政策、可投资领域的超国民待遇,提高FDI投资门槛,降低对"一带一路"金融业资本投资效率提升的挤出效应;对"一带一路"金融业劳动生产率和资本投资效率"低水平"地区而言,在提高地区教育水平的同时,要将留住人才作为地区软环境建设的重要任务。

Coordinated development of economy and society of countries along ＂Belt and Road＂ depends on the development level of financial industry. This article discusses the differences and its causes in financial industry of ＂Belt and Road＂ from the labor and capital inputs. The study finds the difference in financial industry is consistent with the labor productivity, and the overall regional differences in financial industry development due to the regional differences, regional differences in the contribution is weak; the overall difference of labor input, capital investment, labor productivity, capital investment efficiency due to regional differences, regional differences contribution is weak. The financial industry in ＂Twenty-first Century Maritime Silk Road＂ should pay more attention to the introduction quality of FDI, play positive spillover effects, and learn actively experience from the FDI in the aspects of talent attraction, to improve the competitiveness of talent; to ＂Silk Road Economic Zone＂, we should not only actively introduce high quality FDI, but also make FDI scale as an important task; reducing super national treatment investment policy for FDI, investment threshold, and crowding out effect; for the low level region of labor productivity and capital investment efficiency in ＂Belt and Road＂ finance, we should take retaining talent as an important task in the construction of soft environment while we improve education level.