中国县域尺度农业全要素生产率时空变动研究

Spatial-temporal Changes of Total Factor Productivity in Agriculture:Stochastic Frontier Analysis of China in County Level

基于2 183个县级单元,利用SFA方法对1992—2011年中国县域农业全要素生产率(TFP)及其分解项进行测算和时空演变分析,得出以下结论:第一,农业TFP年平均增长3.18%,但整体呈波动下降趋势,对农业总产值的增长贡献份额为58.5%;前沿技术进步是农业TFP增长的主要驱动力,配置效率也有正向贡献,而规模效率和技术效率则有负向影响。第二,中国多数地区农业TFP保持一定水平的正增长,农业发达地区的增速较快;技术效率较高的地区与中国农业生产较发达地区的分布基本一致,这与省级尺度研究得出的东高西低特征不同,同时低技术效率的地区一直占主导地位。

Based on 2183 county-level administrative units of China from 1991 to 2011, this paper applies the SFA method to calculate total factor productivity （TFP） and its decomposition and spatial-temporal changes in county level. The main conclusions are：（ 1 ） TFP grows at a rate of 3.18% annually,with a downward trend, and it accounts for 58.5% of the gross growth of agricultural production;frontier technical progress （FTP） acts as the main driving force to TFP, and allocative efficiency （AE） also has a positive contribution, while technical efficiency change （TEC） and scale efficiency （SE） has negative impact. （2） The majority of regions maintain a positive TFP growth, and the growth rate is higher in developed regions of agriculture. The high TE area is consistent with the dis- tribution of superior agricultural regions, different from the results that the eastern area is higher than western area in provincial level studies, and low TE is dominant on the whole.