环境规制技术创新效应实证研究——基于中国2004—2015年省际面板数据门限回归

An Empirical Analysis of the Effects of Environmental Regulations on Technological Innovation——Based on 2004—2015 Provincial Panel Data Threshold Regression

环境规制作为构成激励或约束经济社会发展制度框架的重要内容,通过引导经济主体的理性行为选择而作用于资源要素配置、企业空间布局、产业技术创新以及市场需求创造、区域经济增长等诸多领域。立足2004—2015年中国30个省际面板数据的门限回归分析,发现特定时空条件下环境规制与技术创新之间可能存在"U"型非线性关系,该变化关系受到对外开放程度(对外直接投资)和人力资本(人均受教育年限)等因素的显著影响。因此,根据创新、协调、开放、绿色、共享的新发展理念,实施有助于实现包容性增长的系统性环境规制措施,对推动企业设备更新、技术改造和结构升级,不断提高企业人力资本积累水平,充分激发市场微观主体的技术创新动力,促进企业积极适应和助力供给侧结构性改革,不断提高区域资源、环境和经济社会永续协调发展能力,至关重要。

As an important part of the institutional framework for stimulating or constraining economic and social development,environmental regulations exert an effect on resource factor allocation,enterprise space layout,industrial technology innovation,market need creation,regional economic growth and many other fields by guiding the rational behavioral choice of economic bodies. According to the threshold regression analysis of 30 provincial panel data in China from 2004 to 2015,this paper finds that there may exist a ＂U＂nonlinear relationship between environment regulations and technological innovation under specific condition,which is strongly influenced by factors like the degree of opening（ direct foreign investment） and human capital（ per capita educational time） etc. Therefore,based on the new development conception of innovation,coordination,opening,green and sharing,implementing systematic environmental regulations measures that help achieve inclusive growth is vitally important to promoting enterprise equipment renewal,technical transformation and structure upgrading,to continuously improving enterprise human capital accumulation level as well as the sustainable coordination and development of regional resources,environment,economy and society,to fully stimulating technological impetus of market microcosmic body,and to facilitating positive adaptation and assistance to the supply-side structural reform.