在入境口岸实施检疫是进境动植物检疫工作的基本要求

Performing quarantine inspection at the entry port is a basic requirement of entry animal and plant quarantine

动植物检疫是防控外来有害生物最经济有效的措施。不论是国境还是关境,进境动植物检疫所指的口岸都应当是指进入该国家或该地区的第一个领土接触点所在的口岸。不论是动植物检疫的国际准则,还是世界主要贸易国家,以及我国的动植物检疫法,都明确规定了进境动植物检疫工作应当在入境口岸实施检疫这一基本要求。当前我国一些口岸的动植物检疫改革措施突破了这一基本要求,有可能造成外来有害生物传入的风险并对动植检工作本身造成不利影响。从动植物检疫的历史起源、科学基础、预防属性以及职能等方面看,在对进境动植物检疫采取改革措施时,都应注意坚持在入境口岸实施检疫这一基本要求。为落实好这一基本要求,笔者建议应当增强依法施检的意识,树立正确的创新观,不断提高口岸检疫把关能力,完善风险评估和分类管理,以及进一步加强检疫及监管工作。

Animal and plant quarantine is the most economical and effective measure for preventing infectious or parasitic diseases and pests from introducing and spreading. Whether it is a frontier or a customs border,entry port in animal and plant quarantine refers to the port which lies in the first point of contact of the territory when the goods are transported into the country or the region. Whether in international guidelines,the world＇s major trading nations,and our country＇s animal and plant quarantine law,it is definitely stipulated that performing quarantine inspection at the entry port is a basic requirement of entry animal and plant quarantine. At present,some reform measures of animal and plant quarantine in our ports have broken through this requirement,and it is likely to cause the risk of introducing pests and adverse effects to the work. From the historical origin,scientific basis,precautionary properties and functions of animal and plant quarantine,before taking reform measures to entry animal and plant quarantine,attention should be paid to adhere to this basic requirement of performing quarantine inspection at the entry port. In order to implement this basic requirement,the author suggest that consciousness of inspection in accordance with the law should be strengthened,the correct view of innovation shoudd be set up,the port inspection and quarantine control ability should be constantly improved,the risk assessment and classification management should be perfected,and quarantine supervision work shoudl be further strengthened.