不同杀虫剂对梨木虱的田间防控效果

Field Efficacy of Several Insecticides on Psylla chinensis Yang et Li

通过田间小区试验比较了1.8%阿维菌素乳油、4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油、48%噻虫啉悬浮剂、240 g·L-1螺虫乙酯悬浮剂、22.4%螺虫乙酯·噻虫啉悬浮剂、20%噻虫胺悬浮剂、10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂对梨木虱的防治效果。结果表明:7种药剂对梨木虱防治效果差别较为显著。其中1.8%阿维菌素乳油和4.5%高效氯氰菊酯乳油能有效控制梨木虱危害,且速效作用好、持效期长达15 d,药后5~15 d对梨木虱的防治效果分别为86.4%~88.6%和88.1%~90.8%;240 g·L-1螺虫乙酯悬浮剂和48%噻虫啉悬浮剂速效性较差,药后5 d对梨木虱的防治效果为73.3%,70.2%,但是持效性效果较为显著,药后10~20 d对梨木虱的防治效果分别为92.1%~98.5%和93.8%~96.%;22%螺虫乙酯·噻虫啉悬浮剂和20%噻虫胺悬浮剂具有较好的速效性和持效性,药后5~20 d对梨木虱的防治效果为88.1%~99.8%和89.1%~97.4%;10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂对梨木虱防治效果较差,药后5~20 d对梨木虱的防治效果为71.3%~82.0%。在梨树安全生产中,建议轮换使用烟碱类和大环内酯抗生素类杀虫剂、季酮酸类杀虫剂防治梨木虱。

The control effects of 7 types of pesticides on Psylla chinensis Yang et Li was compared. The results showed that there were significant differences on the control effect among 7 types of pesticides. 1.8% avermectins EC and 4.5% beta cypermethrin EC had excellent and quick control effect, with the control efficacies of 84.85%-93.37% and 80.40%-86.16%, respectively, 5-15 days after treatment. 240 g. L^-l spirotetramat SC and 48%thiamethoxam SC had poor fast-acting property and good persistence, the controlling effect were 73.3% and 70.2% after spreading 5 days, with the control efficacies of 92.1%-98.5% and 93.8%-96.0%, respectively, 10-20 days after treatment. 22.4% spirotetramat-thiamethoxam SC and 20% elothianidin SC had excellent and fast-acting control ef- fect, the controlling effect were 88.1%-99.8% and 89.1%-97.4% after 5-20 days. 10% imidacloprid WP had poor control effect, the controlling effect were 71.3%-82.0% after 5-20 days. These results suggested that the rational applications of nicotiniums, maerolides antibiotics, pyrethroids and spiroeyclie tetronie acids could be recommended for controlling Psylla chinensis Yang et Li in pear production.