县域国有林场发展水平测定研究——以河北省为例

Study on the Development Level of County's State-Owned Forest Farms:Taking Hebei Province as an Example

随着林业地位的提升和京津冀协同发展的推进,县域国有林场发展水平测定显得尤为重要。基于河北省154个国有林场数据,从县域的角度研究国有林场的发展水平,通过建立指标体系,采用组合赋权方法和功效系数法计算61个区县国有林场发展水平,有较高的信度和效度。从整体来看,不同区县国有林场发展的得分差异明显。从指标体系的5个项目来看,林场自我发展潜力最为理想,表明国有林场有较好的自我发展前景;国有林场的社会贡献度和森林资源状况水平较低,需要提高整体的森林资源质量,才能更好地发挥林场的生态、社会效益。

⑴Background——The state-owned forest farms play an important role in the construction of ecological civilization.With the promotion of forestry status and the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,it is meaningful and urgent to estimate the development level of state-owned forest farms in Hebei province.Because the regional distribution differences of forest resources,state-owned forest farms are mostly located in remote districts or mountainous areas,this research,focusing on the overall development of state-owned forest farms from the county level,can not only help researchers further understand regional differences about forest farms development,but also provide a way to explore development characteristics of regional forest farms.⑵Methods——From the perspective of forest sustainable development,a county-level index system,aiming to determine the development level of state-owned forest farms,is set up,covering the target layer,system layer,index layer three levels of infrastructure.The index system includes 5 aspects,which are infrastructure condition system,self-development potential system,forest resource status system,social contribution system,economic development system,and 23 indicators.The data used in this paper come from the state-owned forest database.Based on index system and data,weights are designed by methods of expert scoring and entropy weight.Furthermore,the indexes are also processed by improved efficacy coefficient method and the total efficacy coefficient is calculated by linear weighted evaluation method to make sure the results are more reliable and valid.⑶Results——On the whole,the average development score of state-owned forest farms in Hebei province is 63.845,while the number of excellent forest farms is small.Therefore,demonstration forest farms with modern forest management need to set up in order to drive the forest farms'development.Notably,the self-development potential system in these five aspects is the most ideal,with the score of 77.072,which shows that forest farms have great development potentials.Under the impetus of the reform of the state-owned forest farms,the workers'wage and social insurance have been guaranteed,and the development potential of the forest farms will be further improved after the financial input and the stability of the forest get promoted.However,the social contribution system and the score relatively of forest resources status system are low,which suggests it's necessary to improve the quality of forest resources to perform ecologically and socially in a better way.From a regional perspective,there is a significant difference in the scores of state-owned forest farms among different counties with a score range of 26.573.It is necessary to develop the demonstration function of the forest farm system,strengthen the exchange of forest farm management experience,and promote the coordinated development of the region.⑷Conclusions and Discussions——In conclusion,this paper studied the overall development of stateowned forest farms in Hebei Province from the county level,and applies the state-owned forest database's data,revealing certain practical significance and innovation.Although the study of index system is relatively complete and scientific,and applied in most of Hebei state-owned forest farms,this research still has the following problems:On the one hand,the application of efficacy coefficient method can only relatively estimate the development level of state-owned forest farms in Hebei Province,but not evaluate it from the absolute sense;On the other hand,the system can only be used to calculate the development level of the ecological public welfare stateowned forest farms,but not the commercial forest farms.All these problems are needed to be further studied.