超声检查颈动脉粥样硬化与缺血性脑卒中的关系及其危险因素分析

Analysis of the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and ischemic stroke by ultrasonography and its risk factors

目的探讨超声检查颈动脉粥样斑块与缺血性脑卒中的关系及其危险因素分析。方法回顾性分析疑似颈动脉粥样硬化的患者162例的彩色多普勒超声资料,分析颈动脉粥样硬化与缺血性脑卒中的关系,并分析其危险因素。结果 162例患者中,颈动脉粥样硬化118例,其中缺血性脑卒29例,占24.6%,无颈动脉粥样患者44例,其中缺血性脑卒中3例,占6.8%,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。颈动脉粥样硬化组颈动脉内径、内膜中层厚度大于无颈动脉粥样硬化组,最大剪切率、最小剪切率均小于无颈动脉粥样硬化组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。左心耳血栓、颈动脉IMT,颈动脉内径,颈动脉最大SR,颈动脉最小血流速度及颈动脉阻力指数是影响颈动脉粥样斑块的超声危险因素(P<0.05)。结论左心耳血栓、颈动脉IMT、颈动脉内径、颈动脉最大SR、颈动脉最小血流速度及颈动脉阻力指数是影响颈动脉粥样硬化的超声危险因素,而颈动脉粥样硬化是缺血性脑卒中的危险因素。

Objective To investigate the relationship between carotid atherosclerotic ptaque and lscnemlc stroke by ultrasonography and analyze its risk factors. Methods Color Doppler ultrasound data of 162 patients with suspected carotid atherosclerosis were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and ischemic stroke was analyzed, and the risk factors were analyzed. Results Among the 162 patients, there were 118 cases of carotid atherosclerosis, among whom 29 cases were ischemic stroke, accounting for 24.6%. There were 44 patients without carotid atherosclerosis, including 3 cases of ischemic stroke, accounting for 6.8%. There was statistically significant dif- ference between the two groups（P〈0.05）. Carotid diameter, intima-media thickness in the carotid atherosclerosis group were higher than those in non-carotid atherosclerosis group. The maximum shear rate and the minimum shear rate were both lower than those in the non-carotid atherosclerosis, and the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.01）. The left atrial appendage thrombus, carotid artery IMT, carotid diameter, carotid maximum SR, carotid minimum blood flow velocity and carotid resistance index were the risk factors for carotid atherosclerotic plaque（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Left athal appendage thrombus, the carotid IMT, carotid diameter, carotid maximum SR, carotid minimum blood flow velocity and carotid resistance index are the ultrasound risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis, and carotid atherosclerosis is the risk factor for ischemic stroke.