地质钻探孔内被卡钻柱的卡点测量与计算方法分析

Analysis on Measuring and Calculating Methods for Sticking Point of Stuck Drill String in Geological Drilling Hole

卡钻事故是地质钻探孔内事故中发生最频繁、耗费时间最长、损失最大的事故之一。在处理卡钻事故的过程中,卡点位置的确定是关键。目前地质钻探孔内被卡钻柱卡点的确定方法主要有注磁法测卡点、直接用磁性定位器测卡点、测卡仪测卡点和公式法计算卡点等。本文详细介绍了卡点测量方法的工作原理和操作步骤,并对3种卡点测量方法进行了对比分析。同时给出了单一、复合管柱的卡点计算公式和参数确定操作步骤,并对2种计算公式进行了对比分析。经过对比分析发现,测卡仪测卡点准确度高,但是存在局限性,且费时费钱,而公式计算法简单容易,但是准确性较低。因此建议在现场确定卡点位置时,应将测卡仪测卡和公式计算卡点法结合起来,以期更快更准确地确定卡点位置,并及时采取有效措施解卡,减少经济损失。

Sticking is one of the most frequent, time-consuming and the biggest loss accident in the geological hole drilling. In the sticking accident handling process, the location determination of sticking points is the key. At present, the determi- ning methods of the sticking points of the drilling string in the geological drilling holes mainly are magnetic injection, direct use of magnetic locator, point measuring instrument and the formula calculation. This paper introduces the working princi- ple and operation steps of the sticking point measuring method in detail, and compares and analyzes three measuring meth- ods of the card points. This paper introduces the working principles and the operation steps of the sticking points measuring methods and makes analysis and comparison of these 3 methods. At the same time, the calculation formulas and operation steps of parameters determining for the single and compound pipe columns are given. It is found that the measuring instru- ment has high accuracy but with limitation as well as time-consuming and costly; the formula calculation is simple and easy but with low accuracy. Therefore, the measuring instrument and formula calculation should be combined in the field to de- termine the location of sticking point more quickly and accurately in order to reduce economic loss by effective measures.