席夫碱基季铵盐型双子表面活性剂对碱性锌电极电化学性能的影响

Effects of Schiff Base Quaternary Ammonium Gemini Surfactants on Electrochemical Properties of Alkaline Zinc Electrode

目的选择席夫碱基季铵盐型双子表面活性剂作为电解液添加剂,改善碱性锌电极的电化学性能,提高其耐蚀性能。方法通过电化学分析法,如失重法、塔菲尔极化曲线法、交流阻抗法等分析研究三种席夫碱基季铵盐型双子表面活性剂(D1、D2、D3)对锌电极电化学性能的影响,利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究在6 mol/L KOH电解液(饱和ZnO)浸泡48 h后,锌片表面的成分和形貌。结果室温下,缓蚀率随席夫碱基季铵盐型表面活性剂浓度升高而增加,当浓度进一步增大,缓蚀率变化不大。三种席夫碱基表面活性剂中,D3缓蚀能力最强,缓蚀率最高达95.67%,抑制腐蚀的效果顺序为:D3>D2>D1,属于抑制阳极型缓蚀剂。结论 D1、D2、D3作为碱性锌电极的电解液添加剂,可以有效减缓锌电极的腐蚀、变形、钝化及枝晶形成的能力,改善了碱性锌电极的电化学性能,D1、D2、D3适合作为碱性锌电池的缓蚀添加剂。

The work aims to improve electrochemical properties of alkaline zinc electrode and its corrosion resistance by taking Schiff base quaternary ammonium gemini surfactant as electrolyte additive. Effects of three Schiff base quaternary am- monium gemini surfactants （D1, D2, D3） on electrochemical properties of zinc electrode were studied in electrochemical me- thods including weight loss method, Tafel polarization curve method and AC impedance method. Composition and morphology of the zinc sheet soaked in 6 mol/L KOH （saturated ZnO） electrolyte for 48 h were studied with X ray photoelectron spectros- copy （XPS） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. At room temperature, corrosion inhibition rate increased with the Schiff base quaternary ammonium salt surfactant concentration increased, and changed slightly as the concentration further increased. The corrosion inhibition capacity of D3 in the three surfactants was the highest, and the corrosion inhibition rate was up to 95.67%. The effect of corrosion inhibition was D3〉D2〉D1, belonging to the inhibition of anodic corrosion inhibitor. D1, D2 and D3 as electrolyte additives can effectively reduce corrosion, deformation, passivation and dendrite formation of zinc electrode, and improve the electrochemical properties of alkaline zinc electrode. D 1, D2 and D3 are suitable to be used as corrosion inhibitors of alkaline zinc batteries.