基于危机生命周期理论的城市地下管线事故应急问题研究

Resear ch of the Ur ban Under gr ound Pipeline Emer gency Based on the Theory of Crisis Life Cycle

城市地下管线事故对城市居民的生活有着重要的影响,同时也威胁到城市的公共安全。危机生命周期理论为地下管线事故应急管理提供了更为完整的研究路径。基于危机生命周期理论,在地下管线事故的危机征兆期要合理规划城市地上建筑和地下管线,平衡城市发展速度和地下管线负荷,加强安全检查和安全隐患排查,及时更换老旧地下管线,建设地下管线综合信息管理系统。在危机爆发期要建立应急指挥系统和协同工作机制。在危机扩散期要细化城市地下管线事故应急预案,加强地下管线事故应急演练和救援培训。在危机痊愈期要加强地下管线事故应急评估,推动地下管线事故立法,提升地下管线事故应急管理能力。

Urban underground pipeline accidents affect both the life of urban people and urban public safety. Crisis life cycle theory provides a complete path for the research of underground pipeline emergency management. According to the theory,in the prodromal period of underground pipeline accidents, managers should reasonably plan urban buildings and underground pipelines, balance urban development speed and pipeline load, strengthen safety inspection and potential safety hazard investigation, timely replace old underground pipelines, and construct underground pipeline information management system. In the crisis outburst stage, managers should establish emergency command system and cooperative work mechanism. In the crisis spreading period, managers should work out specific urban underground pipeline emergency plans, focus on underground pipeline accident emergency drills and rescue training. In the recovery period, managers should strengthen the assessment of underground pipeline emergency, promote the legislation of underground pipeline accident, so as to improve the management capacity of underground pipeline emergency.