从体裁到题材:上海《时报》新闻业务变革及效应探析

From Genre to Subject: An Analysis on the Practice Transformation and Effect of Shibao's News Operation

上海《时报》以业务革新著称。该报在清末民初存续35年,先后由狄楚青和黄伯惠经营,两个关键时期的新闻业务革新所聚焦内容不同,前期在报纸版式、时评、新闻专电、新闻通讯方面颇具成效,后期新闻业务改革发生转向,在社会新闻、体育新闻及图片新闻方面大胆探索和创新。前期以"体裁"为主和后期以"题材"为核心的业务改革,暗合了从形式到内容对中、西方新闻业务沿袭和模仿的历史脉络。两个阶段的业务探索契合不同时期的社会需要,从新闻业务革新的不同方面推动了近代报刊业务的发展。

Shanghai Shibao was known for its news practice innovation. This newspaper survived 35 years in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,and it had been operated by Di Chuqing and Huang Bohui. The news practiced innovation in two key periods focused on different contents,that is,in early period the newspaper format,commentary,special telegram news and news communication were effective,and in later period the newspaper explored and innovated boldly social news,sports news and photo reports. As the core of the practice reform,the early ＂genre＂and later＂subject＂were coincided with the historical context of the inheritance and imitation of Chinese and western news practice from form to content. The practice exploration in two stages fitted the social needs of different periods,and promoted the development of modern newspaper business in the different aspects of news practice innovation.