彩色多普勒超声对颈动脉粥样硬化的诊断价值

The Diagnostic Value of Color Doppler Sonography in Carotid Atherosclerosis

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声对颈动脉粥样硬化的诊断价值。方法使用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪对60例疑有颈动脉病变的患者检查分析。结果检出颈动脉粥样硬化伴斑块形成者41例(68.33%),早期动脉硬化者12例(20.00%),颈动脉无明显形态结构改变者7例(11.67%),动脉硬化总检出率88.33%。检出斑块的病例中,5例为软斑(8.33%),10例为硬斑(16.67%),7例为混合斑(11.67%),19例兼有硬斑与混合斑(31.67%)。斑块位于颈总动脉分叉处21例(35.00%),位于颈内动脉起始部11例(18.33%),位于颈外动脉起始部3例(5.00%),位于颈动脉内多处者6例(10.00%)。颈动脉轻度狭窄32例(53.33%),中度狭窄7例(11.67%),重度狭窄2例(3.33%)。结论彩色多普勒超声检查能够早期发现颈动脉粥样硬化及斑块,能够动态观察斑块的变化,对脑血管病的防治有着重要意义。

Objective To investigate the value of color Doppler sonography in the diagnosis of carotid atherosclerosis. Methods 60 cases of patients with suspected carotid artery disease were examined by color Doppler sonography. Results There were 41 cases （68.33%） with carotid atherosclerosis and plaque formation, 12 cases （20.00%） with early atherosclerosis, 7 cases （11.67%） with no significant morphological changes of carotid arteries, the yield of 88.33%. In the cases with plaques, 5 cases were soft plaques （8.33%）, 10 cases were hard plaques （16.67%）, 7 cases were mixed plaques （11.67%）, 19 cases were hard plaques and mixed plaques （31.67%）. There were 21 cases （35.00%） in the common carotid bifurcation and 11 cases （18.33%） in the origin of the internal carotid artery. 3 cases （5.00%） were located in the origin of the external carotid artery, 6 cases （10.00%）. Mild carotid stenosis in 32 cases （53.33%）, moderate stenosis in 7 cases （11.67%）, severe stenosis in 2 cases （3.33%）. Conclusion Color Doppler sonography can detect carotid artery atherosclerosis and plaques early, and can dynamically observe the changes of plaques, which is of great significance to the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular disease.