清代黔东南清水江少数民族纠纷文书与现代民法公序良俗原则的契合

The Correspondence between Qingshui River Civil Disputes Instruments of Qing Dynasty Qiandongnan Ethnic Minority and the Principle of Public Order and Good Morals in Modern Civil Law

清代,随着黔东南清水江地区林业经济的兴起与发展,当地苗、侗少数民族居民订立了大量的契约以调整其土地财产关系。其中,以解决居民间财产纠纷为目的的清水江纠纷文书占有较大比重。作为调整平等主体之间经济关系的民事契约,文书不仅涉及了契约的订立、履行、纠纷解决及诉讼等一系列程序,在内容上亦体现了现代民法中的一些基本原则,而"公序良俗原则"即是其中之一。公序良俗原则是指当事人的行为不能违背社会的公共秩序与善良风俗,而在清水江当地居民解决纠纷的过程中,不仅注重对"公共秩序"的维护,亦自觉遵循当地的"善良风俗",使个体的私人利益与社会的公共利益相协调,体现了文书与公序良俗原则的契合。

In the Qing Dynasty,with the rise and development of forestry economy in Qingshui River area,Guizhou,Qiandongnan,the local miao,dong ethnic minority residents have entered into a number of contracts to adjust their land property relations. As a civil contract to adjust the economic relationship between equal subjects,the Instruments not only involves a series of procedures,such as the conclusion,performance,dispute resolution and litigation,but also embodies some basic principles in modern civil law,＇ the principle of public order and good morals＇ is one of them. It refers to the behavior of the parties can not violate the public order and good customs. In the process of settling disputes among local residents,they not only pay attention to the maintenance of public order,but also consciously follow the local good customs,to coordinate the individual＇s private interests and the public interests of the society,and embodies the combination of the instrument and the principle of public order and good morals.