《四库全书总目》对朱子经学的评价及其学术立场

On the Comment and Academic Stand of Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Muto Zhuism

学术界一般认为《四库全书总目》对朱熹的评价是以批判为主。通过梳理与分析《四库全书总目》对朱熹论著及学术观点的评价可以发现,《四库全书总目》主要是对朱子《周易本义》采用图书之说及卦变之说、《诗集传》舍序言《诗》等持完全否定态度,而对朱熹在《尚书》学、《春秋》学、三礼学、《四书》学等方面的论述从学术上讲则基本赞同。《四库全书总目》对朱子之学的评价,从思想上讲,是以清高宗御纂钦定经学著作为标准;从学术上讲,是以清代汉学家的著作为标准。朱子之学在乾隆时期逐渐失去其道统地位和学术范式地位,在《总目》中确有体现。

It is generally believed in academic circles that the comment of Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu to Zhuism is mainly critique. Based on the review and analysis of the comment of Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu co the treatises and academic viewpoints of Zhuxi, it can be found that Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu holds the complete negative attitude toward the part of Zhuism, which are mainly the book theory and hexagram theory of Zhou Yi Ben Yi and Shi without preface of Shi Ji Chuan, and essentially agrees with the discussion of Zhuxi in the learnings of Shang Shu, Chun Qiu, three rituals and Si Shu. Deologically, the comments of Si Ku Quan Shu Zong Mu to Zhuism take the classical works edited by Qing Gaozong as the standard. Academically, the comments take the works of sinologist of Qing Dynasty as standard. It is showed in Zong Mu that Zhuism gradually loses its ground in confucian orthodoxy and academic paradigm during Qianlong period.