非首都功能疏解中生态环境损害赔偿制度研究

The Compensation System for Environmental Damage in the Easing Non-Capital Functions

国家推出"1+6"生态文明改革组合拳,其中《生态环境损害赔偿制度改革试点方案》明确了到2020年力争初步构建责任明确、途径畅通、技术规范、保障有力、赔偿到位、修复有效的生态环境损害赔偿制度。京津冀协同发展是一项重大国家战略,其战略的核心是有序疏解北京非首都功能。在疏解和承接过程中必定会产生对生态环境的损坏,这就涉及生态环境损坏赔偿问题。文章在有选择地分析了北京畜牧业和制造业功能疏解对生态环境造成的影响后,探索了非首都功能疏解生态环境损害赔偿制度,包括赔偿原则、建立第三方鉴定评估机构、评估指标体系及其环境损失的测算。提出保障非首都功能疏解生态环境损害赔偿运行机制,包括生态环境论证机制、生态环境税费征收机制、政策统领导向机制。

The ＂1＋6＂ ecological civilization reform combination boxing has been launched, in which, Eco-Environmental Damage Compensation System Reform Pilot Program cleared environmental damage compensation system will be constructed to 2020, that will be clear in response, smooth in way, normative in technology, protective, compensation in place, effective in repair. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei cooperation is a major national strategy, the strategy core is to ease the Beijing non-capital function. The ecological environment is bound to damage in the process of relief and undertaking, which involves the problem of compensation for environmental damage. This paper analyzes the impact on the ecological environment in animal husbandry and manufacturing industry, and explores environmental damage compensation system of easing the non-capital function. It included the principle of compensation, the establishment of third-party appraisal institutions, evaluation index system and its environmental loss calculation. Finally, it proposed the environmental damage compensation mechanism to protect the easing non-capital function, including the environmental demonstration mechanism, the environmental tax collection mechanism and policy guidance mechanism.