天花粉蛋白抗肿瘤作用及机制的研究进展

Research Progress of Trichosanthin Anti-tumor Effect and Its Mechanism

天花粉蛋白(TCS)是一种分离提纯于中药瓜蒌块根中的碱性植物蛋白,属于Ⅰ型核糖体失活蛋白,具有RNA N-糖苷酶活性,能够水解真核细胞核糖体28S rRNA特定位点的腺苷酸,从而抑制细胞蛋白质的合成,因此TCS具有多种药理学活性。TCS起先用于引产,治疗葡萄胎、宫外孕等妇科疾病,伴随研究深入,发现TCS在抗病毒、调节免疫和抗肿瘤等方面亦具有良好作用。多数学者对于TCS的抗肿瘤作用尤为重视,体内外研究发现TCS具有多系统抗肿瘤作用,效果明显。虽然对于TCS的抗肿瘤机制研究报道很多,但尚未有明确统一阐述。

Triehosanthin（TCS） is a kind of alkaline plant protein with many pharmacological activities separated and purified from root tuber of Fructus Trichosanthis, belonging to type- I ribosome inactivating protein. TCS has RNA N- glycosidase activity,can hydrolyze the eukaryotic 28S ribosomal rRNA specific adenosine, and inhibit cellular protein synthesis. At first TCS was used for labor induction, hydatidiform mole, ectopic pregnancy and other gynecological diseases, then it＇s found TCS has good antiviral, immunomodulatory and antitumor effects. Most of the scholars found that TCS has a significant anti-tumor effect, and in vivo and in vitro studies show that TCS has a multi-system antitumor effect,with significant effect. Although there are many reports about the anti-tumor mechanism of TCS,it has not been clearly defined.