吉林省延边地区蜱类分布及其携带发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒调查

TICKS AND THEIR POTENTIAL INFECTION WITH SEVERE FEVER WITH THROMBOCYTOPENIA SYNDROMES VIRUS IN YANBIAN,JILIN

本文旨在探讨吉林省延边地区自然环境和动物体表蜱类分布及其消长规律,掌握其携带发热伴血小板减少综合征布尼亚病毒(Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus,SFTSV)状况及传播病毒能力。2016年4~9月份按月采集延边州所辖8个县(市)自然环境中生长的蜱虫和放牧动物体表蜱虫进行形态学分类,对其进行构成分析。对其中部分蜱虫分组进行SFTSV核酸检测。SFTSV核酸检测方法采用了Real time RT-PCR和RT-PCR相结合的方法。结果共采集蜱虫3 446只,其中森林革蜱763只,嗜群血蜱222只,日本血蜱639只,长角血蜱515只,全沟硬蜱1 014只,其他血蜱293只;全沟硬蜱(29.43%)和森林革蜱(22.14%)为本地优势种。长角血蜱在图们市(70.88%)和珲春市(40.59%)分布较多。对部分蜱虫(1605只)SFTSV Real time RT-PCR检测结果总最低感染率为1.81%,分种最低感染率分别为嗜群血蜱8.65%、日本血蜱4.53%、长角血蜱1.59%。序列分析结果表明,本文检测到的SFTSV病毒与我国其他省份从患者身上分离到的大部分SFTSV有高度一致性(99%)且与2012年从浙江患者血清中分离到的SFTSV、2013年韩国国家疾病预防控制中心从人身上采集的长角血蜱中分离到的SFTSV处于同一分枝,把该病毒命名为YBHC-TICK1-2016/CHINA。

To investigate the prevalence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus （SFTSV） in quest and fed ticks in Yanbian area,Jilin province,we collected ticks from 8 counties （cities） from Yanbian area and submitted to test through real time RT-PCR targeting M segment of SFTSV after morphological identification.Bi-directional sequencing were also performed on the amplicons to conduct phylogenetic analysis.As the results,from April to September 2016,a total of 3 446 ticks,including 763 Dermacentor silvarum,222 Haemaphysalis concinna,639 Hae.japonica,515 Hae.longicornis,1 014 Ixodes persulcatus,were harvested.Among 1 605 ticks tested,the minimal infection rate was 8.65% for Hae.concinna,4.53% for Hae.japonica,1.59% for Hae.longicornis,and 3.2% for Haemaphysalis spp.respectively.Sequence analysis from 1 pool of Hae.longicornis showed that M segment of the SFTS viruses shares highly homologous （99%） with those isolated from patients in other provinces of China.Phylogenetic analyze showed that the SFTSV belongs to the same branch with those isolated from patients in Zhejiang Province （2012）,and from Hae.longicornis infested on patients in Korea （2013） The SFTS virus obtained from Hae.longicornis in Yanbian area,Jilin,was proposed as YBHC-tick1-Jilin/China.