矢网中噪声选件的校准方法研究

Study on calibration method of vector network analyzer with noise option

为解决矢网中噪声选件的计量问题,分析当前该类产品的测量原理,指出现有校准方法无法对矢网中噪声选件开展计量的原因。参照当前矢网的校准方法,提出一种整体校准方案,并报道该方案的基本要求。基于无源器件的噪声稳定特点,提出失配空气线和衰减器作为检验件的新型实现形式。在对比分析现有矢量和标量两种方法无源器件噪声标准值计算方法的基础上,报道检验件标准值包含温度信息的矢量计算方法。通过检验件与低噪声放大器级联的方式,实现矢网中噪声选件的整体校准。该方案分别在Keysight公司和R&S公司的产品中进行试验,测量频段6~18 GHz,校准结果的偏差分别为0.4 dB和0.6 dB。

In order to solve the calibration problem of vector network analyzer with noise options, the principle of measurement for current products is analyzed and the reason why existing calibration method fails to calibrate the vector network analyzer with noise options is found out. Referring to the calibration method of the current vector network, an overall calibration scheme is proposed and the basic requirements of the scheme are presented. Based on the characteristics of passive components, such as stable noise, a new method that takes mismatch air line and attenuator as test pieces is presented. Based on the comparative analysis of the existing methods for calculating the standard values of the noise of passive components in two kinds of vector and scalar methods, this paper presents a vector calculation method for the standard values of test pieces including temperature information. The cascade of the test piece and the LNA is a good method to realize the whole calibration of the vector network analyzer with noise options. The scheme was tested in Keysight company and R＆S company respectively. The measured frequency range was 6-18GHz, and the deviation of calibration results was 0.4dB and 0.6dB respectively.