汉语听写障碍儿童形音跨通道捆绑加工的通道优势

Channel Processing Advantage of Visual-Auditory Cross-modal Binding Deficit in Chinese Children with Dictation Difficulties

目的:研究汉语听写障碍儿童在形音跨通道捆绑过程中的视觉和听觉跨通道优势。方法:以听写障碍儿童21名,正常发展儿童21名为被试。采用变化检测范式,以几何图形为视觉刺激材料,以单音节男声为听觉刺激材料,通过考察两组儿童在探测形音跨通道不一致、视觉单通道不一致、听觉单通道不一致三种条件下的正确率,探索听写障碍儿童与正常发展儿童在形音捆绑过程中的跨通道整合优势以及视觉或听觉单通道的优势效应。结果:听写障碍儿童在视听跨通道加工条件下显著地低于正常发展儿童,在视觉单通道条件下两者差异不显著,在听觉单通道条件下两者差异达到边缘显著。结论:听写障碍儿童的形音捆绑缺陷来自于跨通道本身的缺陷。正常听写儿童可能具有听觉单通道加工优势。听写障碍儿童在形音捆绑加工中有和正常听写儿童相同的视觉通道优势,但有可能在听觉通道中不占优势。

Objective： To study characteristics of visual and auditory advantage in visual-auditory cross-modal binding processing in children with Chinese dictation difficulties. Methods： 21 children with dictation difficulties were selected from a primary school, and 21 with age-and intelligence-matched healthy controls were recruited. Change detection task was applied. Single geometry was used as visual stimulus. Single syllable sound stimulus was used as verbal stimulus. In visual-auditory cross-modal binding inconsistent condition, participants were instructed to judge if the visual and auditory information both were consistent; in visual/auditory cross-modal binding inconsistent condition, participants were instructed to judge if the visual/auditory information were consistent. Results： Under visual-auditory cross-modal binding inconsistent condition, accuracy in children with dictation difficulties was significantly poorer than normal children. There was no difference in visual cross-modal binding inconsistent condition. A trending significant group-difference was observed in auditory cross-modal binding inconsistent condition. Conclusion： Dictation difficulties may be caused by the visual-auditory cross-modal binding deficits. The normal children have auditory single-channel processing advantages, but the children with dictation difficulties not.