新型毒品成瘾者在不同情境下的决策特点

Decision-Making for Risky Gains and Losses in Individuals with New Drug Addiction

目的:探讨甲卡西酮成瘾者和冰毒成瘾者的决策特点。方法:从某强制隔离戒毒所筛选出甲卡西酮成瘾者45人,冰毒成瘾者41人,从某大学后勤工作人员中招募对照组被试33人,分别使用冲动性量表(BIS-11)、杯子任务研究被试的冲动性水平和决策特点。结果:冰毒成瘾组的冲动性显著高于对照组和甲卡西酮成瘾组;在收益情境下,甲卡西酮成瘾组和冰毒成瘾组选择风险选项的比例显著高于对照组,甲卡西酮成瘾组和对照组比冰毒成瘾组选择更多的适应性选项;在损失情境下,三组被试选择风险选项和适应性选项的比例不存在显著差异。结论:在收益情境下,成瘾组比对照表现出更明显的风险决策偏好,只有冰毒成瘾组表现出非适应性决策。

Objective： To investigate the characteristics of decision-making in Individuals with new drug addiction from compulsory isolated drug detoxification and rehabilitation. Methods： Forty-five individuals with mephedrone addiction and forty-one individuals with methamphetamine addiction from compulsory isolated drug detoxification and rehabilitation and thirty-three healthy controls were recruited. Cups task and barratt impulsiveness scale（BIS-11） were used to measure decision-making and impulsivity, respectively. Results： The impulsivity level of methamphetamine group was significantly higher than control group and mephedrone group. In comparison to control group, methamphetamine group and mephedrone group made more risky choices; control group and mephedrone group made more adaptive choices than methamphetamine group in the gain domain. There was no significant difference among three groups in the loss domain. Conclusion： Addiction subjects exhibit generally greater risk decision-making tendencies than control group. But, methamphetamine group only has adaptive decision-making functional deficits.