中美青少年校园氛围感知的比较研究

A Comparative Study of Perceptions of School Climate in Chinese and American Adolescents

目的:考察中美青少年校园氛围感知的异同。方法:以3685名中国和3724名美国6-12年级青少年为对象,采用2013版特拉华校园氛围量表(学生版),对中美青少年感知的校园氛围进行跨文化比较。结果:(1)总体而言,相比美国青少年,中国青少年对校园氛围的感知更积极;(2)中国青少年在师生关系、校内活动参与度、同伴关系、规则公平度、学校安全度、学校欺负六个维度上的评分显著高于美国,在尊重多样性和期望清晰度二个维度上评分低于美国,差异显著;(3)无论中美,相比高年级青少年,低年级青少年对校园氛围的感知均更积极;(4)相比中国男生,中国女生对校园氛围的感知更积极,美国青少年得分不存在显著的性别差异。结论:中美青少年对校园氛围的感知存在显著差异。

Objective： To compare the differences in Perceptions of school climate among Chinese and American adolescents. Methods： 3685 Chinese and 3724 American 6-12 th grade adolescents were measured with Delaware School Climate Scale-Adolescent（2013 edition） to compare the perceptions of school climate among Chinese and American adolescents.Results：（1）Compared with American teenagers, Chinese adolescents perceived a more positive school climate;（2）Chinese adolescent sample was significantly higher than American adolescent sample in dimensions of teacher-student relations,student-student relations, student engagement school-wide, fairness of rules, school safety and bullying school-wide, and significantly lower in dimensions of respect of diversity and clarity of expectations.（3）Compared with senior students, junior students perceived a more positive school climate in both China and America.（4）Chinese girls were more satisfied with school climate than boys, and there was no significant gender difference among American adolescents. Conclusion： The study indicates that there were differences in perceptions of school climate among Chinese and American adolescent.