胰高血糖素样肽-1在胃肠道中的作用及机制的研究进展

Advanced study on Glucagon-like peptide-1 in the function and mechanism of the gastrointestinal tract

胰高血糖素样肽-1(Glucagon-like peptide-1,GLP-1)是由远端回肠、结肠的L细胞分泌的具有促进胰岛素分泌作用的肠促胰岛素,近20年的研究表明,GLP-1除了具有维持葡萄糖稳态的作用外,在调节胃肠道动力和相关胃肠疾病中也发挥着重要作用。研究表明,GLP-1对胃肠道动力主要起抑制作用,其机制可能与胆碱能迷走神经及一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)释放有关。在消化道疾病方面,GLP-1可能参与肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome,IBS)、炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)、短肠综合征(short bowel syndrome,SBS)等发病,并在治疗中发挥重要作用。本文就GLP-1与消化道动力的关系及机制,及其在相关疾病中的作用等作一综述。

Glucagon-like peptide-1 （ GLP-1 ） is an incretin which is secreted by the distal ileum, colon and rectum L cells, and it also can promote the secretion of insulin. Recent 20 years studies have showed that GLP-1 not only has the effect maintain glucose homeostasis, but also plays an important role in regulating gastrointestinal motility and related gastrointestinal disease. GLP-1 plays a major role in the inhibition of gastrointestinal motility, and its mechanism may be related to the cholinergic vagal and nitric oxide （NO） release. In terms of gastrointestinal diseases, GLP-I may be in- volved in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome （IBS） , inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）, short bowel syndrome （SBS） and other diseases, and it may play an important role in the treatment. This article reviewed the advanced study on GLP-1 in the function and mechanism of the gastrointestinal tract.