加热状态下烟草烟气香味成分释放特征

Release characteristics of aroma components in aerosol of heated tobacco

为考察烟叶原料在加热状态下的烟气香味成分释放特征,利用实验室加热装置在200℃~500℃下对烤烟(B2F、C3F、X2F)、香料烟(B1、B2)及白肋烟(B2F、C3F)等7种不同类型及部位的烟丝样品进行加热,并对烟气粒相物中的香味成分进行了GC/MS分析。结果表明:(1)随着加热温度的升高,香味成分释放总量及醛酮类、含氮类和脂肪烃类物质释放量显著增大,但加热温度≥400℃时变化不明显。(2)有机酸及呋喃和吡喃类物质释放量先升高后降低,其中有机酸在400℃时释放量最大,呋喃和吡喃类物质在350℃时释放量最大。(3)酚类和芳烃类物质释放量呈增大趋势,加热温度≤300℃时其释放量很小,随后急剧增大,加热温度≥400℃时变化趋缓。(4)加热温度≤350℃时,醛酮类、呋喃和吡喃类物质的单位焦油释放量明显较高,而酚类和芳烃类物质的单位焦油释放量很小;加热温度>350℃时,酚类和芳烃类物质的单位焦油释放量显著增大。(5)不同烟叶类型对加热状态下烟气香味成分释放特征的影响较大,但烟叶部位的影响不明显。

In order to investigate the release characteristics of aroma components in tobacco aerosol under heating, seven tobacco samples, including flue-cured tobacco （B2F, C3F, X2F）, oriental tobacco （B1, B2） and burley tobacco （B2F, C3F） were heated by an experimental equipment between 200 ℃-500 ℃, and the aroma components in particle phase matters of tobacco aerosol were analyzed by GC/MS. The results indicated that： 1） The total release of aroma components and the release of aldehydes, ketones, nitrogen containing compounds and aliphatic hydrocarbons significantly increased with the rise of heating temperature; however, they basically kept unchanged when heating temperature ≥400 ℃. 2） The release of organic acids, furans and pyrans increased first and then decreased with the rise of heating temperature, that of organic acids peaked at 400 ℃, as did that of furans and pyrans at 350 ℃. 3） The release of phenols and aromatic hydrocarbons increased with the rise of heating temperature, which was at a very low level below 300 ℃, while sharply increased beyond 300 %; when temperature was higher than 400 ℃, the increase rates slowed down. 4） The release of aldehydes, ketones, furans and pyrans per unit tar was obviously higher and that of phenols and aromatic hydrocarbons per unit tar was much lower below 350 ℃, however the later remarkably increased beyond 350 ℃. 5） The release characteristics of aroma components in tobacco aerosol under heating were influenced by tobacco type greatly, while the effects of stalk position were slight.