21个甘蔗品种对螟虫抗性鉴定与评价

Identification and evaluation of 21 sugarcane varieties for resistance to borers

【目的】明确甘蔗品种对甘蔗螟虫的抗性,以期为抗虫品种推广应用和抗性基因发掘奠定基础。【方法】通过自然种群接虫方法,研究不同甘蔗品种苗期和生长中后期螟害水平。运用聚类分析方法,综合评价不同甘蔗品种对螟虫的抗性。【结果】不同甘蔗品种对螟虫危害造成的螟害枯心率、螟害株(节)率和株虫孔数等存在显著差异。21个甘蔗品种分为4个抗性等级。第1级1个品种(ROC10),螟害枯心率、螟害株(节)率、株虫孔数低;第2级包括4个品种(粤糖60号、柳城05-136、桂糖29号、粤糖55号),表现为螟害枯心率低、螟害株(节)率中等、株虫孔数中等;第3级包括9个品种(福农38号、桂糖31号等),表现为螟害枯心率中等、螟害株(节)率中等、株虫孔数中等;第4级包括7个品种(福农39号、德蔗03-83等),表现为螟害枯心率、螟害株(节)率、株虫孔数高。【结论】甘蔗品种和生育期影响螟虫的发生,不同品种对甘蔗螟虫抗性水平存在差异。

[Objectives] To quantify the resistance of sugarcane varieties to borers and provide a foundation for the propagation of insect-resistant varieties and the discovery of insect-resistant genes. [Methods] We studied damage to the seedlings and mature plants of different sugarcane varieties caused by natural borer populations and used cluster analysis to evaluate the relative resistance of these different sugarcane varieties. [Results] The proportion of dead hearts, borer-damaged stems （internode）, and wormhole number, per plant were significantly different between the 21 different sugarcane varieties examined. These varieties could be ranked on a scale from 1 to 4 for resistance to borers where 1 was the most resistant and 4 the least resistant. Variety （RCO10）, which had the lowest proportion of dead hearts, borer-damaged stems （internode） rate and wormholes, ranked first in resistance. Four varieties （YT60, LC05-136, GT29, YT55）, which had a low proportion of dead hearts, and a moderate proportion of borer-damaged stems （internode） and wormholes, ranked second. Nine sugarcane varieties （FN38, GT31, et al.）, which had a moderate proportion of dead hearts, borer-damaged stems （internode） and wormholes, ranked third. Seven varieties （FN39, DZ03-83, et al.）, which had a high proportion of dead hearts, borer-damaged stems （internode） and wormholes, ranked fourth. [Conclusion] The damage to sugar cane plants caused by sugarcane borers varied with sugarcane variety and growth period. There were marked differences in the resistance of the different sugarcane varieties examined to borers.