从美国档案看中共、西南势力与蒋介石的战时博弈

On the Wartime Game of the CPC,the Southwest Power and Chiang Kai-shek from the US Archives

抗战爆发后,西南势力与蒋介石的政治角力随中共、民盟等的渗入更趋复杂,蒋介石很难藉抗战遂自己统一国民党的目的。面对中共、西南势力、民盟的政治包夹,蒋介石逐渐成为权力竞逐舞台上的孤独舞者。此时值得注意的是美国的态度。同时期美蒋关系的裂痕,使美方非但无意助蒋,反而欲扶共抑蒋。事实上,战时西南势力与蒋的政治对抗及美国的作壁上观,不仅凸显了蒋介石在国民党内的失道寡助,还清楚地表明他在对外关系上面临的巨大危机,意味着抗战结束前一个有明确指向的反蒋统一战线已悄然成形,这对战后国共关系及国内政局产生不可忽视的影响,并为后来西南势力军事起义和民盟选择中共埋下历史的伏笔。

After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the political struggle between the political forces of the Southwest and Chiang Kai-shek was more and more complicated with the infiltration of the CPC and the CDL （ China Democratic League）, and Chiang Kai-shek was difficult to achieve the unity within the party. In the face of the political pressure from the CPC, the Southwest forces, and the CDL, Chiang Kai-shek gradually became the lonely dancer on the stage of power competition. At that time, it was worth noting the attitude of the United States. Because of the rift of the relationship between the United States and Chiang, the United States not only didn＇ t help Chiang Kai-shek, but wanted to help the CPC and suppress Chiang. In fact, at the wartime, the Southwest forces＇ political confrontation with Chiang and the United States＇ attitude, not only highlights Chiang Kai-shek＇ s lacked popular support in the party, but also clearly shows a huge crisis exited in its external relations, which means that before the end of the war a clear anti-Chiang united front was quietly formed, which had an important influence on the post-war relations between the Kuomintang and the CPC and the domestic political situation, and foreshadowed the Southwest military uprising and the Democratic League chose the CPC.