闽南大木构架修缮技艺初探——以鼓浪屿黄氏小宗祠堂为例

The Preliminary Exploration on the Large Wooden Framework Repair Technology:The Example of the Huangshixiaozong Ancestral Hall in Kulangsu

大木构架不仅是闽南传统建筑的主要结构形式,也代表了当时营造技术的发展水平,饱含古人智慧,其保护与修缮一直是当代文物工作的重点和难点。在鼓浪屿申请世界文化遗产之际,以黄氏小宗祠堂的保护修缮工程为契机,结合现状勘察、修缮设计和施工的全程跟进,记录大木构架的修缮技术和木作匠师的营造技艺,探讨相关的构造逻辑与材料取用原则,彰显闽南传统木构建筑的特点和成就,以期为大木作的研究、修缮设计和施工提供参考。

The large wooden framework is not only the main structural form of South Fujian traditional architecture, it also represents the developmental level of construction technology of that time. Since it contains the wisdom of ancient artisans, the protection and repair of the large wooden framework have been the emphasis and difficulty of contemporary cultural relics renovation work. On the basis of the renovation of the Kulangsu cultural relics, this paper proceeds a systematic record and analysis of the repair technology of the large wooden framework with the combination of the status survey of the Huangshixiaozong ancestral hall, records of the large wooden framework repair technology and the ＂Big Master＂ construction technique. It also discusses the structure of the related logic and principle of material selection, reveals the characteristics of South Fujian traditional wooden buildings and achievements, in order to provide references for research, repair design and construction of carpentry work.