无形公共产品政府垄断与有形公共产品成本膨胀

Government Monopoly on Intangible Public Goods versus Cost Inflation of Tangible Public Goods

无形公共产品政府垄断是一个国际性问题,特别是当社会经济发展到有形公共产品可以由政府、社会贤达以及私人领域都能够竞争经营的时代,政府垄断的高成本弊端彰显无遗。时下,有形公共产品成本膨胀是影响社会经济发展的重要因素,对公众造成了较大的负担,也是当前分配领域中必须解决的重要问题。研究发现,现实的无形公共产品政府垄断是有形公共产品成本膨胀的根源,如何打破政府对无形公共产品的垄断,建立包括政府在内的多元竞争体制与机制,是降低有形公共产品成本基本前提。对此,必须在有形公共产品成本标准的基础上,深入分析有形公共产品与无形公共产品之间关系,依据有形公共产品标准,寻找现实的无形公共产品竞争条件,主要包括三个方面:一是政府应从垄断无形公共产品彻底过渡到采纳无形公共产品;二是制度化的引入无形公共产品的竞争机制;三是促使无形公共产品的竞争体制与机制发挥作用,实现公共资源配置的帕累托改善效应。

Government monopoly on intangible public goods is an international issue, whose high-cost deficiency has always been a cause for concern especially at a time when the level of social and economic development reaches such a degree that the government, social entities, and private entities can all have access to tangible public goods, operational or transactional. On the other hand, cost inflation of tangible public goods is another factor affecting so-cial and economic development, bringing great burden on the public, an issue requiring to be addressed in real time. It is however found that government monopoly on intangible public goods is the root of the problem of cost in-flation of tangible public goods. Therefore, a basic prerequisite for reducing the cost of tangible public goods lies in breaking the government monopoly on intangible public goods and introducing a mechanism of multi-party competi-tion including the government. In addition, based on the standard cost of tangible public goods, the relationship between tangible and intangible public goods should be analyzed in an in-depth manner so as to integrate the two.