基于GIS的吉林省公路洪水灾害危险性评价

Hazard assessment of highway flood disaster in Jilin Province based on GIS

为研究吉林省公路洪水灾害危险性特点,在将吉林省公路地貌划分为平原区和山区的基础上,选取大于25 mm年降水日数、年降水量、地形坡度、区域河网密度和土地利用/覆被类型作为评价指标,分平原区和山区构建吉林省公路洪水灾害危险性综合评价模型,在GIS平台支持下对吉林省公路洪水灾害危险性进行了评价。结果表明,吉林省公路洪水灾害中、低危险区主要分布在吉林省西部和东部的延边朝鲜族自治州中部,较高和高危险区主要分布在吉林省的中部和南部,低、中、较高和高危险区占全省总面积的比例分别为19.91%、25.65%、28.96%和25.48%。

In order to study the characteristics of highway flood disaster in Jilin Province,a highway flood disaster risk assessment model was established by using the analytic hierarchy process method on the basis of dividing highway land form into mountain areas and plain areas. The assessment indicator system was also established using annual heavy and torrential rain（ daily precipitation was more than 25 mm） days,annual precipitation,topographic slope,drainage density,land use and land cover as the indicators. The risk assessment on highway flood disasters was conducted by GIS software. The results show that low and medium risk areas mainly distribute in the center of Yanbian and the west of Jilin province,respectively,and that high and ultra-high risk areas distributes in the center and east of Jilin province,respectively. The percentages of low,medium,high and ultra-highrisk areas are 19. 91%,25. 65%,28. 96% and 25. 48%,respectively.