侵害占有的损害赔偿问题研究

Research on Damages for Infringement of Possession

随着经济社会的发展,占有立法逐渐显示出其不足之处。理论界对占有的争议主要集中在对其性质的界定、占有损害赔偿请求权适用的法律依据以及占有损害赔偿请求权的行使期间。占有分为作为民事法律事实的占有和受法律保护状态的占有即法益。占有是《侵权责任法》保护的对象,当占有受到侵害时,其性质便为法益,可适用《侵权责任法》中的有关规定。占有损害赔偿请求权的行使期间应适用《物权法》第245条第3款的规定,即占有返还请求权1年的行使期间同样适用于占有损害赔偿请求权,且该1年期间的性质应为诉讼时效。综上,当占有受到侵害时,占有人可依据《物权法》与《侵权责任法》的有关规定予以救济,但需区分有权占有、善意占有与恶意占有。

With the development of economy and society,the legislation of possession gradually shows its de-ficiency. The dispute of possession in the theoretical circle mainly focuses on the definition of its nature,the legal basis for the right to claim damages and the period of exercise of the right to claim damages. Possession is classified as the possession of civil legal fact and the possession of legal protection state,that is ,legal interest.Possession is the object of protection of tort liability law. When possession is infringed,its nature is legal interest,and it can be applied to the relevant provisions in tort law. The provisions of paragraph third shall apply to 245th of property law during exercising the right of claim possession of the damages,which occupies a return period of 1 years the claims also apply to the possession of the right of compensation for the damage,and the 1 year period properties should be the limitation. To sum up, when the possession is infringed, the possessor may remedy it according to the relevant provisions of the Property Law and the tort law,but it needs to distinguish between the right possession,the good faith possession and the malicious possession.