大学生就业结果的影响因素研究——人力资本、SCCT职业发展理论的视角

A Study of the Influence Factors of College Graduates' Employment Results——From the Perspective of Human Capital Theory and the SCCT Career Development Theory

大学毕业生是我国最大的就业群体,研究大学生就业结果的影响因素形成机制,有利于在职业准备期帮助大学生进行充分的就业准备并在职场中取得长足发展。研究以SCCT模型与人力资本理论为基本框架,对2015届已离校受雇全职工作的1 000名大学毕业生进行问卷调查,采用logistic回归分析及逐步回归分析的数据分析方法修订概念框架。研究发现,大学生人力资本积累、职业心理发展状况与就业结果存在显著的个体差异;在个体人力资本的内部结构中,先天个别特征对总体资本积累的影响小于后天积累资本的影响。大学生人力资本对其就业结果影响显著,分为直接影响和在职业心理调节下的间接影响;社会支持在大学生就业结果上发挥了显著的调节作用。研究根据大学生就业结果的影响因素模型,针对性优化提升大学生人力资本,关注其职业心理发展状况,结合社会支持,提出改善大学生个体的就业结果的建议。

College graduates are one of the biggest groups facing employment problems.A study of the formation mechanism of the influence factors will help college students prepare for full employment during their career preparation period and make great progress in their career.With SCCT model and human capital theory as the basic framework,aquestionnaire survey was conducted among 1000university students,who had graduated in 2015and had found full-time jobs.Logistic regression analysis and stepwise regression analysis were used to revise the conceptual framework.Several conclusions were drawn from the results.First of all,college students'human capital accumulation,professional psychological development and employment results show significant individual differences.Secondly,as for the internal structure of individual human capital,the influence of the inborn individual characteristics on the overall capital accumulation is less than that onthe accumulated capital.Thirdly,the human capital of college students has significant influence on their employment results,which is divided into direct influence and indirect influence under the occupational psychological adjustment;Moreover,social support has played a significant regulatory role in the results of college students'employment.On the basis of the influence factors of college students'employment results,and targetingat optimizingcollege students'human capital and promoting their professional psychological development,this study is aimed at bringing forward suggestions to improve college students'employment results with the help of social support.