感春之意:从“诗人在场”谈唐代物候诗学的建构

Perceiving the Meaning of Spring:Construction of Tang Poetic Discourses on Phenology from “Poets on the Spot”

直接从诗歌文本爬梳物候诗学,从"诗人在场"的角度切入,诗人纵情置身于春天物色中,意识到"众生"的同在与精彩,使物与我成为可以相互转换者,从而揭示人与自然的亲密关系。从陶渊明《停云》诗中的春天谈起,唐诗人的徜徉春光,更忙着与自然对话,有李白细听"春风语流莺",杜甫要"传语风光共流转",要"嫩蕊商量细细开"而撩动"报答春光"的诚意,而韩愈面对中唐极端气候,先后以《感春》为题创作三组诗,回归晚春,开拓出春天物候的另一个面向。可见可闻的"物色"与"事情"结合,使"义意"因物色形象而具体化,是建构物候诗学的一个重要进程。

This paper is designed to analyze phenological poetics on the basis of poetry text from the perspective of'poets on the spot'.When the poet indulges himself in the spring scenery,he became aware of the presence of all the wonderful beings,enabling them to convert with man freely to reveal the intimate relationship between man and nature.This article started with the analysis of the spring described in Tao Yuanming's poem Ting Yun.Poets in the Tang Dynasty not only enjoyed beautiful spring sceneries,but also communicated with nature in a certain way.Li Bai heard the spring wind talking to the oriole.Du Fu expressed his wish to retain spring forever and asked the flower to stay longer before withering.Another famous Tang poet Han Yu,when faced with the extreme climate in the Mid Tang Dynasty,has created three poems focusing on thoughts about spring,which developed another aspect of spring phenology.It can be concluded that the combination of concrete things and sceneries can lead to more concrete meaning,which is a very important process in the construction of phenology Poetics.