立体视觉检查方法及其在军事飞行员体检中的应用

Stereovision tests and its application in the physical examination for military pilots

目的综述立体视觉的概念、检查方法及其在临床和国内外军事医学领域的应用，为改进我军飞行员立体视觉检查方法提供理论依据。资料来源与选择国内外该领域的相关文献。资料引用引用公开发表的文献资料40篇。资料综合回顾立体视觉的概念、分类及检查方法。近距离立体视觉检查包括Lang立体视觉检查法、颜氏立体视觉检查图、Frisby立体视觉板、Randot立体视觉检查图、TNO立体视觉检查图、Titmus立体视觉检查图；远距离立体视觉检查包括哈瓦德一多尔曼深径觉计、同视机立体视觉检查、Distance Randot立体视觉检查图、Frisby-Davis2检查。立体视觉检查在临床上广泛应用于斜视、弱视、屈光不正及各种眼科疾病的诊断和疗效评价；在军事医学领域主要应用于国内外军事飞行员的选拔和常规体检。结论现有立体视觉检查方法多采用辅助分离眼镜，会降低检查图的亮度和清晰度，对检查结果产生干扰。建议进一步改进立体视觉检查方法，规范我军飞行员的选拔和常规体检，为确保飞行安全提供更有力的保障。

Objective To review the conception and tests of stereovision and its application in clinical medicine and physical examinations for military pilots at home and abroad so as to provide theory basis of improving stereovision tests applying to military pilots. Literature resource and selection The related articles published at home and abroad. Literature quotation Forty published references were cited. Literature synthesis The concept, classification and examination tests of stereovision were reviewed. Tests for reading distance stereovision mainly included： Lang stereotest, Yanrs randot stereotests, Frisby stereotest, Randot stereotest, TNO stereotest and Titmus stereotest. The Howard-Dolmanrs apparatus, synoptiscope, Distance Randot test and Frisby-Davis 2 distance stereotest were applied to long distance stereovision examination. Stereovision tests played a key role in the detection and effectiveness evaluation of various ophthalmological diseases, such as strabismus, amplyopia, ametropia, etc.. Besides, it was also applied in military medicine like selection and conventional physical examinations for military pilots at home and abroad. Conclusions The polarizing/red-green glasses that subjects wearing in most stereovision tests may disturb the brightness and definition of the stereographs, and further the clinical determination.. More effective stereovision tests should be developed with specification of physical examination in Chinese military pilot to provide powerful support for flight safety.