车用散热器传热性能的数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer Performance of Vehicle Radiator

车用散热器作为汽车冷却系统的重要构成部分,其工作性能的优劣将直接影响到汽车发动机的运行状态,进而影响汽车行驶安全。文章采用数值模拟的方法,通过建立散热器百叶窗翅片的三维数值模型,研究不同进口空气流速及翅片重要几何结构参数—翅片间距、百叶窗宽度、开窗角度,对散热器传热性能的影响。结果表明:随着散热器进口空气流速增大,散热器的换热系数与压降损失也逐渐增大;结构模拟优化后发现,散热器结构参数在翅片间距为2.50mm,百叶窗宽度6.00mm,开窗角度为23°时,换热性能及阻力性能皆最佳;可为车用散热器优化设计提供参考依据。

As an important part of the car c .ooling system, the performance of car radiator will directly affect the running state of the car engine, which will affect the safety of the car. This paper uses the numerical simulation method, the three- dimensional numerical model is established. The influence of the inlet air velocity and the important geometric parameters of fin spacing, louver width and window angle on the heat transfer performance of the radiator is investigated. The results show that the heat transfer coefficient and pressure loss of the radiator increase with the increase of air velocity at the inlet of the radiator. The structural optimization shows that the heat transfer performance and the resistance performance of the radiator are best when the fin spacing is 2.50mm, the louver width is 6.00mm, and the window angle is 23 degrees, which can provide reference for the optimization design of vehicle radiator.